And one of the Chase Manhattan Bank officers says, Mr. Behind the Dream: The Making of the Speech That Transformed a Nation by Clarence B. Jones Behind the Dream book. Money did. . But youre not anti-white. I had listened to King speak so often that I could hear his cadence in my head and ears, says Jones. I stuck it to them good., On the very afternoon in 1956 that he was released from the army, he met his future wife, Anne Aston Warder Norton, heiress to the W. W. Norton publishing fortune (his second of four spouses). As a result, Jones recalls, hundreds of children, ranging from age 12 and older, plus hundreds of adults got arrested. He was obsessed about just versus unjust laws. Soon is all he said. With the assistance of filmmaker and Huffington Post contributor Connelly, Jones, who was present at the creation of Martin Luther King Jr.s I Have a Dream speech, revisits the forces that generated the 1963 March on Washington and that animated the speech that now represents an entire era. The boys had pigtails., A dutiful altar boy who said his Hail Marys and Our Fathers, praying that his parents would eventually bring him home, Jones fell under the sweet spell of Sister Mary Patricia, an Irish nun. Especially when its hard. At the core of the text is the authors concern for the health and safety of American citizens, and she encourages anyone who loves freedom and seeks to protect it to join with her in vigorous activism. . A savvy political strategist, fund-raiser for Jewish causes, and real-estate investor, Levison was rumored to be the manager of the Communist Partys finances and, as a result, was on the governments radar. Malcolm opened up his car trunk and handed out two shotguns to his driver and bodyguard, Jones recalls. Early on, he had enlisted Marlon Brando. While charges of womanizing may have dimmed Kings legacy in the intervening years, the subject still brings a wide smile to Joness face. As a civil right mover he gave this great speech to . This rhetorical analysis argues that King's assumption of the prophetic voice, amplified by the historic size of his audience, creates a powerful sense of ethos that has retained its inspirational power over the years. . Jonesa cancer survivor, six feet tall, his well-groomed mustache reminiscent of Kingsbelieves he has a sacred obligation to reveal the untold tale of his time with King, and to teach a new generation about the indignities he suffered along the way, such as having the F.B.I. Jones, the former owner of the Amsterdam News, turned to business pursuits in earnest after becoming entangled in a fraud case and being disbarred in 1982. It wasnt until late 1961when Jones shared a boardinghouse bedroom in Albany, Georgia, with Kingthat the two men became personally inseparable. Rhetorical Analysis Question (2020) 2020 Scoring Commentaries 3 September 2020 Sample B Score: 5/6 Points (A1 - B4 - C0) Row A: 1/1 The response earned one point for Row A for its thesis at the end of the first paragraph: "In Claudia Johnson's speech at the first anniversary luncheon of the Eleanor Roosevelt Memorial Youre talking chills., Over a dinner in New York, he confesses that he plans on writing a memoir, tentatively titled The King and Me. I arrived in New York late, Jones recounts. Ad Choices. Shortly after the Rose Garden stroll, King asked Jones to chair an internal investigative panel to determine if Hoovers allegations were true. And Martins sentiments regarding Jews were not opportunistic, as some have claimed. There is the careful selection of language which is meant to . Plus I had a daughter, and my wife was pregnant, Jones says. ETHNICITY & RACE. My parents were sitting in the audience, proud as peacocks.. had declared open season on Martin, he exclaims. The speech "I Have a Dream" was both written and presented by Historical Figure and civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Clarence B. Jones Story - Dr. Clarence B. Jones Institute for Social Advocacy Palmyra, New Jersey 08065 (856) 220-6298 Home About Us Multimedia Learning Resources News & Events Donations Directions Contact Us Clarence Benjamin Jones was born on January 8, 1931, at the height of the Great Depression in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. If I was stuck I would call Stanley and meet him, and we would complete the material together., As the stresses of 1963 started to wear King down, Jones offered to let the reverend stay with him in Riverdale for a few weeks in August. was monitoring me daily., With the bureau and the segregationists out for his scalp, King trusted fewer and fewer people. Aimed at the entire nation, King's main purpose in this speech was to convince his audience to demand . To revist this article, visit My Profile, then View saved stories. It ended in a siege by state troopers and National Guardsmen, ordered by Rockefeller. This man filled out a promissory note: Clarence B. Jones, $100,000 payable on demand, Jones recalls. It was brutal.. wiretaps on Joness Riverdale home and Manhattan office. Ive never heard you talk about white people in an angry fashion. I said, You know, Martin, it may be [because] the first source of love I had as a young boy were Irish nuns., The goal-oriented Jones attended Palmyra High, graduating in 1949. I got my honorable discharge, Jones says with a laugh. Fill in the blanks of this line from the speech: "I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the . They made friends easily (with playwright Lorraine Hansberry, for example, who sent Clarence her early drafts of A Raisin in the Sun, eager for his advice). He felt his leadership was declining. As King interpreted Buber, there were I-Thou people (Good Samaritans who had a relationship with God) and I-It people (folks like the Black Power cabal that were self-centered), Jones maintains. Jones, William P.. Suspicions were aroused. It was like a black caucus of political thinkers, he recalls. Copy This Storyboard*. It has no single version but is a culmination of several drafts. They felt like fugitives. Weiss sounds a clarion call to Jewish readers who share her growing angst as well as non-Jewish Americans who wish to arm themselves with the knowledge and intellectual tools to combat marginalization and defuse and disavow trends of dehumanizing behavior. It was one of the biggest defining Determined not to let his skin color impede his scholastic pursuits, Jones started reading the literary canon, from the Iliad to Moby Dick. Identify one example of each rhetorical strategy: ethos, pathos, and logos. For example, King exhorted, as Jones recalls, there is a young man sitting in this church today who my friends and colleagues in New York, whom I respect, say is a gifted young lawyer. Both were B.U. Then argues your position on the valueif, The excerpt below is from William Hazlitt's "On the Pleasure of Hating" (1826). chief, Atlanta mayor, and U.N. ambassador Andrew Young puts it, Clarence was the guy that King could trustno leaks and no grandstanding., When I recently encountered Jones in his Manhattan office, he was finally ready to talk openly and on the recordto a degree. With its lavish grounds and spectacular view, Joness home afforded King, his wife, Coretta, and the children a secluded retreat. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. Known for her often contentious perspectives, New York Times opinion writer Weiss battles societal Jewish intolerance through lucid prose and a linear playbook of remedies. Since anger is an emotion that can drive anyone to do anything, the animals came together to rebel and . Laughs were plentiful and high jinks were par for the course. ), On the Saturday before the historic march, several of Kings confidants, such as Roy Wilkins, James Farmer, and John Lewis, joined him at Joness home to discuss logistics and formulate ideas for Kings speech. Whenever oral recordings or republications of the speech are sold without permission from the King Estate, Jones boasts, a lawsuit occurs., As a quarter of a million people converged on the National Mall on August 28, Harry Belafonte welcomed the celebrities. overheard a conversation between Jones and novelist James Baldwin. [He] started speaking to me in very respectful terms of his admiration for the courage of Martin. Often, Jones would attend secret summits with Malcolm X, African-American scholar John Henrik Clarke, intellectual and civil-rights figure John Killens, actor-activists Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee, and others. By five A.M., Kings speech had been mimeographed and was being passed out to the press. And I said, Yes. We both kinda rolled our eyes at each other. It was Dora McDonald, Kings secretary, calling to invite Jones and his wife to be his guests at Friendship Baptist Church, in well-heeled Baldwin Hills, where many of L.A.s Negro intelligentsia lived and where King was to be that Sundays guest preacher. and the media types off Kings peripatetic trail. projects every day, with Stanley Levison as his erstwhile coach. I remember him urging me to meet him at the Audubon Ballroom the next afternoon, saying, When you come tomorrow, Im going to introduce you to the African Unity Movement to let them know that even the so-called Negro professionals, if you dont mind me calling you that, want to join our organization., Jones capitulated, even though he realized he was being tweaked by Malcolm X. This speech helped solidify African Americans and white people to stand for equal rights. by According to Jones, some of the activists thought King should speak for only five minutes; any more, they believed, would be grandstanding. You are going to take as much time as you need., When King headed to Atlanta just days before the march, Jones and Levison stayed in New York to craft the speech. Kings oratorical temperature soon rose, and he began an impassioned spiel about Negro professionals. He had confidence that I would get them to Willie Pearl Mackey, [the secretary of King cohort] Wyatt Walker. Together, the men slew racist dragons from coast to coast. Clarence Jones helped draft the speech that day, and he was standing a few feet away when King spoke. Behind the Dream: The Making of the Speech that Transformed a Nation: Jones, Clarence B., Connelly, Stuart: 9780230337558: Books - Amazon.ca I stayed mum all these years about the donor. I have a dream. I promised Malcolm I would attend. . Instead, he offered a written statement that he was ready, willing, and able to serve his country, provided he was guaranteed the full rights stipulated under the 14th Amendment. Jones had ensured that the speech would not become part of the public domain but would instead belong to King and, eventually, his heirs. because we owed him. The church parking lot was filled with Lincolns, Cadillacs, and a few Rolls-Royces, Jones remembers. Rockefeller walks in and takes $100,000 in cash and puts it in a satchel, a briefcase-like thing. associatesLevison and an S.C.L.C. It was a pleasant exchange, but Jones held firm: no Alabama and no working for the S.C.L.C. (AP File Photo) Jones says he was about 15 yards behind King, when he heard someone from the stage yell . The cold New England winters, however, were irritating, and Boston was a backwater for entertainment law, Joness newfound area of expertise. Like the time in the spring of 1963 when King persuaded many of Birminghams African-American parents to let their children skip school to participate in civil-rights demonstrations. Jones was there, on the road, collaborating with the great minds of the time, and hammering out the ideas and the speech that would shape the civil rights movement and inspire Americans for years to come. The end result was that Martin would not have direct contact with Stanley, Jones recalls. What are the differences, if any? More than 40 years ago, in August 1963, Martin Luther King electrified America with his momentous 'I Have A Dream' speech, dramatically delivered from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. The authors add, interestingly, that the same thing occurred in parts of Germany, Spain, and Norway that fell victim to the China shock. In what they call a slightly technical aside, they build a case for addressing trade issues not with trade wars but with consumption taxes: It makes no sense to ask agricultural workers to lose their jobs just so steelworkers can keep theirs, which is what tariffs accomplish. Policymakers might want to consider such counsel, especially when it is coupled with the observation that free trade benefits workers in poor countries but punishes workers in rich ones. was listening in and caught King speaking to people in a salty, midnight manner. Jones begins the prologue illustrating unity, as a quarter of a million people gather, people who have been suppressed and considered less than, "stood shoulder to shoulder across that vast lawn, their hearts beating as one." "I have a dream." When those words were spoken on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial on August 28, 1963, the crowd stood, electrified, as Martin Luther King, Jr. brought the plight of African Americans to the public consciousness and firmly established himself as one of the greatest orators of all time. Now, with decades elapsed, he is letting the world know the real Martin, whom he still loves like a blood brother. We take stock of the best rom-coms everfrom, The Santos Saga: Just When You Think It Couldnt Get Worse, It Does. We want to help Martin., I walk in at the [appointed] time and there is Rockefeller, Morrow, a bank official, and a couple of security guards. 1. My job was to collect insights gleaned from these sessions and share them privately with Martin.. Leers followed the newlyweds everywhere, even in liberal Massachusetts, where interracial dating was largely frowned upon. I dont care if they speak for five minutes, thats fine, Jones said to King with everybody listening. could monitor my activities around the clock, a perplexed Jones asks me, his forehead as furrowed as a washboard, why didnt they monitor the activities of [Kings assassin] James Earl Ray and [his associates]? Although he cant prove it, Jones believes the bureau was somehow involved. [W]ithout, As technology advances, more work can be done outside of the traditional workplace and at any time of the day. In 2011, Clarence Jones and Stuart Connelly published Behind the Dream, a behind-the-scenes account of the weeks leading up to King's delivery of that speech at the March on Washington.1 The following passage is an excerpt from the prologue to Behind the Dream. On the contrary, Jones would serve as a liaison between King and Malcolm X. . At the very least, King suggested, they should become acquaintances. Believe it or not, Charlton Hestonyes, the N.R.A. This has led some people to advocate "work-life blending"the seamless integration of, (The following passage is excerpted from a scholarly book published by two American professors of education in the 2010s.) It may be that me taking Mrs. Kennedy to the home of Mrs. King triggered bad memories, Jones recalls. The infamous speech that transformed history, "I Have a Dream" by Martin Luther King Jr, was an iconic moment in history. Behind the Dream: The Making of the Speech that Transformed a Nation. Stuart Connelly Behind the Dream is a thrilling, behind-the-scenes account of the weeks leading up to the great event, as told by Clarence Jones, co-writer of the speech and close confidant to King. Titled the "I Have a Dream Speech," Dr. King presented this speech to the "March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom" (1) group. During the day the Kings would sightsee; in the evening King made notes for his upcoming March on Washington speech or improved the latest draft of Why We Cant Wait. He found the reverend busy signing autographs in the church parking lot. As evidenced in hundreds of newly released transcripts chronicling many of the bureaus eavesdropping sessions from 1963 to 1968, the government had as many as six agents listening in on Jones, Levison, and King. Jones, William P. and Labor and Working-Class History . Item 1 Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. cowrote his "I Have a Dream" speech with his close confidant Clarence Jones. She believes that Americans live in an era when the lunatic fringe has gone mainstream and Jews have been forced to become a people apart. With palpable frustration, she adroitly assesses the origins of anti-Semitism and how its prevalence is increasing through more discreet portals such as internet self-radicalization. This has led some people to advocate "work-life blending"the seamless, Compare Dr. King's leadership, charisma, power and passion to capture his audience to Alicia Garza's speech. But this young man told me something about himself. Progress Checks- From AP College Board. The fact that Baldwin blamed Hoover personally for violence against civil-rights workers in Alabama clearly worried Justice Department officials. by The Klans position in Birmingham was that a dead nigger was a good nigger, an agitated Clarence Jones tells me. Type the example into the description box under the cell. Anne, filled with admiration for Jane Addams and Eleanor Roosevelt, earned a degree in social work while Clarence received his law degree. Clarence Jones, the galvanizing lawyer who was Martin Luther King Jr.'s trusted lieutenant between 1960 and 1968, has come out from the shadows of civil-rights history. Jones remembers Belafonte saying in an excited tone, I was discussing [the Birmingham problem] with Nelson Rockefellers speechwriter. He counts Wall Street titans Sanford I. Weill and Arthur Levitt Jr. among his closest friends. Before that [could] happen I was given an undesirable dischargeas a security risk., The army had messed with the wrong African-American. Clarence Jones has saved his program from the March on Washington, which includes a note he passed to Martin Luther King noting the death of historian and activist W.E.B. King responded teasingly: Clarence, as you know, has a lot of devil in him. He recalls the horror of the civil-rights leaders assassination in Memphis in 1968, and the pain and drama of the funeral in Atlanta. Although Clarence B. Jones isnt a household name, it should be. The words was so hot they was just burning off the page!. With constant death threats, the lawyer and civil-rights leader tried to keep low profiles, grabbing dinners at supporters homes and church basements. Its no secret, write Banerjee and Duflo (co-authors: Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way To Fight Global Poverty, 2011), that we seem to have fallen on hard times. Immigration, trade, inequality, and taxation problems present themselves daily, and they seem to be intractable. RELEASE DATE: Jan. 4, 2011. He seemed uppity, a prima donna on a W. E. B. DuBois trip. Occasionally wonky but overall a good case for how the dismal science can make the world lesswell, dismal. Demanding the abolition of segregation in southwestern Georgia, as they were doing, was a hard dollar. Jones, for example, recalls the time his wife, Anne, commented to King that he had a gift for saving lost souls. hope was an increasingly scarce resource. They stood at the March on Washington with hope on the line. Undaunted, Jones turned to the American Civil Liberties Union, which took on his case as it was sent to a hearing at the Pentagon. Furthermore, the erosion of civility and tolerance and the demonization of minorities continue via the casual racism of political figures like Donald Trump. New York : W.W. Norton, 2013. began monitoring Joness varied activities, assigning agents to shadow him in hopes of proving that King had unseemly Communist ties. Dont give up the copyright. Little did I anticipate that my act of moderate wisdom would be deemed as the most prescient service I rendered for King., Jones roots around his office and eventually produces the original 1963 copyright application for the I Have a Dream address. The massacre that ensued there further spurred her outrage and passionate activism. He says that the United States needs to make immediate changes, or the protests will only heighten. Show more Genres History NonfictionBiographyMemoirAmerican HistoryAdultAfrican American .more 224 pages, Hardcover Correctly fearing bugs and wiretaps, he started relying on Jones more and more. As a civil rights activist he gave this speech to not only black Americans but to all Americans so that he could promote the idea of equality. Clarence, says Belafonte, was in charge of making sure the stars were both visible and safe., My job was to make sure the cameras saw all of the famous faces around the Lincoln Memorial, Jones says.