Which of the following needs are addressed in Alderfer's theory? __________ is the process of developing, negotiating, and formalizing the targets or objectives that a person is responsible for accomplishing. Give examples. 1999-2023, Rice University. e) Interactional justice. This need is the second of McClellands learned needs. c) David McClelland OB 5 Flashcards | Quizlet According to McClelland, Joanna has a high need for _____________. d) 28 Kohlberg's theory of moral development Piaget's stages of cognitive development Erikson's stages of psychosocial development Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development Operant Conditioning Theory Operant conditioning theory is the simplest of the motivation theories. In fact, around the 1920s, some 6,000 human needs had been identified by behavioral scientists! Content theories of work motivation include all of the following except c) sense of responsibility. C. Cultivating sensitivity to self and others . Self-determination theory (SDT) seeks to explain not only what causes motivation, but also how extrinsic rewards affect intrinsic motivation.17 In SDT, extrinsic motivation refers to the performance of an activity in order to attain some valued outcome, while intrinsic motivation refers to performing an activity for the inherent satisfaction of the activity itself. According to Herzberg, hygiene factors are sources of job satisfaction and motivator factors are sources of job dissatisfaction. c) procedural justice 35. b) Task feedback, or knowledge of results, is likely to motivate people toward higher performance by encouraging the setting of higher performance goals. Solved Content perspectives, also known as need-based | Chegg.com Instincts are our natural, fundamental needs, basic to our survival. The basis behind this theory is that segments of DNA that occur at the . With its purpose and goals defined, it can then educate the workforce on sustainable methods to create knowledge and competence. d) Existence, relatedness, and goals b.) In this case, Alderfers third component, frustration regression, can cause us to shift our attention to a previously satisfied, more concrete, and verifiable need. e) The theory fails and does not clearly categorize salary. 14.3 Process Theories of Motivation - OpenStax At the end of the pilot, 95 percent of the employees reported that they felt the program had contributed to employee engagement, team building, and environmental stability. b. Freud studies mainly "sick" people. A reclusive accountant may not have been given the opportunity to demonstrate their need for achievement because they never received challenging assignments. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like All of the following are reasons to examine criminological theories of crime EXCEPT ______., A criminal justice professional who does not understand criminal justice research is comparable to a ______., Criminological theories are all of the following EXCEPT ______. Whatever their perspective, most people have a cause that they are passionate about. d) understand individual employee needs and create work environments that respond to them. Round to the nearest cent. e) Maslow's hierarchy of needs. d. Ken Wilbur. d. serving as a research framework. Clayton Alderfer observed that very few attempts had been made to test Maslows full theory. e) relatedness, According to McClelland, it is __________. b. Adherence and familiarity with only one theory. d) working conditions. SDT specifies when an activity will be intrinsically motivating and when it will not. Jobs that are best performed alone are more appropriate for low-nAff employees, who are less likely to be frustrated. c) top-down goals. a. The resulting frustration may make satisfying the unmet need even more important to usunless we repeatedly fail to satisfy that need. Understand the content theories of motivation. On StuDocu you will find over 6300 lecture notes, summaries and assignments from LU, to help you pass your exams. Chapter 1 Test Midterm Leadership Flashcards All of the following are examples of stage theories in development 35 the content theories of motivation include all of - Course Hero But he also believes that each need can be taught, especially nAch. 2017. Giving Back. https://bombas.com/pages/giving-back, Knowledge @ Wharton. a) expectancies As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. Given the success of the program, in 2017 it was expanded to all RBS sites and a smartphone app was added to help employees participate in the challenges (Barton 2017). e) ERG theory focuses on the consequences of an individual's behavior, whereas Maslow's theory does not. 61. e.) ERG, According to equity theory, __________ exists when an individual feels that he or she has received relatively less than others have received in proportion to work inputs. Q9 - Rational choice theories developed in the midst of social events that included all of the following EXCEPT: The Drug War. For example, some people steal to satisfy their lower-order needs (they have high intensity). A near-death experience (NDE) is a profound personal experience associated with death or impending death which researchers claim share similar characteristics.When positive, such experiences may encompass a variety of sensations including detachment from the body, feelings of levitation, total serenity, security, warmth, the experience of absolute dissolution, and the presence of a light. Apparently, people dont go through the five levels in a fixed fashion. c) Two-factor theory Those are the needs at the bottom of the pyramid (physiological, safety, and security). The twenty-one Nursing Problems C. Restorative Care Needs D. Therapeutic Self-care Demands A latent need cannot be inferred from a persons behavior at a given time, yet the person may still possess that need. a) Self-actualization These are expectations for Mintzberg's interpersonal role of ____. b) Alderfer's ERG theory. the amount of effort a person puts forth. OpenStax is part of Rice University, which is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. The StackCommerce 2023 Travel Giveaway (the "Promotion") begins at 12:00:00 AM Pacific Time ("PT") on March 1st, 2023 and ends at 11:59:00 PM PT on March 31st, 2023 (the "Promotion Period"). d) power e) inducements, According to expectancy theory, managers can influence workers' __________ by selecting people with proper abilities, training them well, providing them the needed resources, and identifying clear performance goals. Rays beginning and ending accounts receivables balances are $147,990 and$142,720, respectively. Herzberg also refers to these factors as dissatisfiers because they are frequently associated with dissatisfied employees. esteem, social, and To please and win affection of a coveted object. b) Social First, when a need has been energized, we are motivated to satisfy it. Herzberg considered job duties that lead to feelings of achievement and recognition to be motivators. c) affiliation Alderfers model is potentially more useful than Maslows in that it doesnt create false motivational categories. To defend the self against assault, criticism, and blame. c) ERG theory contends that more than one need may be activated at a particular point in time, whereas Maslow's theory does not. Placing a company in a larger context and adding a second, higher purpose than the established company goals motivates employees to police the company itself to be a better global citizen. d) Clayton Alderfer The Victims' Rights Movement. He called the first set motivators (or growth needs). a) The multiplier effect is still in question. When we are hungry, for example, our need for food has been energized. Drugs that lower anxiety and reduce stress. e) working longer hours. d.) Goal setting SDT would suggest that the primary way to motivate high performance for such jobs is to make performance contingent on extrinsic rewards. b) ERG exports to Europe? In 2016, the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) launched a pilot program called Jump in which employees participated in challenges on ways to save water and electricity, as well as other sustainability issues. In your position, you serve on committees with people from outside of your organizational units and attend professional meetings. Is There An Objective Morality? - iai.tv McClellands research differs from Murrays in that McClelland studied three needs in depth: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power (often abbreviated, in turn, as nAch, nAff, and nPow).5 McClelland believes that these three needs are learned, primarily in childhood. For each pair of socks purchased, the company donates a pair of socks to someone in need (Mulvey 2017). One major implication of Herzbergs motivator-hygiene theory is the somewhat counterintuitive idea that managers should focus more on motivators than on hygienes. It focuses on employee motivation,. Once those needs have been satisfied, the next level, social needs, become energized. These precepts from SDT are entirely consistent with earlier discussions of theories by McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg. Why or why not? The unique feature of Herzbergs theory is that job conditions that prevent dissatisfaction do not cause satisfaction. Further, the evidence accumulated provided only partial support. Task feedback, or knowledge of results, overwhelms employees with information and reduces employee motivation toward higher performance. c) Esteem a) What may seem fair and equitable to a team leader might be perceived as unfair and inequitable by a team member after comparisons are made with other team members. 61. a) Existence Automation has eliminated many such jobs, but they are still numerous. Murrays main premise was that people have a variety of needs, but only a few are expressed at a given time. e) equity, Which equation correctly reflects Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation? Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. Reinforcement According to Suppes, all of the following are functions of theory except a. organizing specific data. c) People who feel they are overpaid tend to decrease the quantity or quality of their work, whereas people who feel they are underpaid tend to increase the quantity or quality of their work. a) opportunity for advancement. insight therapies a. c) instrumentality All of the following statements describe hygiene factors in the two-factor theory EXCEPT: An employee who is often talkative, gives orders, and argues a lot is motivated by the need for power over others. Question 8. a) ERG theory d) Who will be a more appropriate manager for an employee Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a.) b) only two needs may be activated at the same time Joanna likes attention and is driven by seeking influence over others. b) Stajkovic, Locke, and Blair The theories presented in this section focus on the importance of human needs. c) Cells share similar chemical composition. Considerable numbers of studies have demonstrated that tasks are intrinsically motivating when they satisfy at least one of three higher-order needs: competence, autonomy, and relatedness. The diversity of the living world is staggering. e) social needs tend to be dominant in more collectivist societies. So what motivates employees to give their all, work creatively, and be fully engaged? Competition should be encouraged among employees to find and embrace new goals. Two features of needs are key to understanding motivation. B. Instilling faith-hope . Why is this? All of the following statements about the equity theory of motivation are correct EXCEPT: To adhere and remain loyal to a friend. On the other hand, there is some evidence that people satisfy the lower-order needs before they attempt to satisfy higher-order needs. To vindicate the ego. How? Herzbergs work suggests a two-stage process for managing employee motivation and satisfaction. Content theories tend to: emphasize the direction component of motivation All of the following are process theories of motivation EXCEPT: SDT The term operant conditioning is used to indicate that the learning process is based on the results produced by a person operating on the: environment Multiple Choice Quiz - Oxford University Press http://www.businessinsider.com/bombas-athletic-sock-review-2017-1. b) safety. a) difficult goals lead to higher performance than "do your best" or easy goals 54. e) People with a low need for achievement will also have a low need for affiliation. Both equity theory and expectancy theory are classified as process theories. Forming humanistic-altruistic value system . The need for affiliation contributes to managerial success only in those situations where the maintenance of warm group relations is as important as getting others to work toward group goals. A disaster may be caused by nature or have human origins c. A disaster always receives widespread media coverage. Which of the following statements is true with regards to the research on Maslow's needs hierarchy? e) Esteem, relationships, and growth. Strengthening flexible lines of defense According to Rogers' theory "continuous and mutual interaction between man and environment' is termed as: Integrality Which is NOT a concept related to Faye Abdellah's theory? The distinction between instinctive and learned needs sometimes blurs; for example, is our need to socialize with other people instinctive or learned? Pump I is a small pump; Pump 2 is a larger pump that costs more, will produce slightly more oil, and will produce it more rapidly. a) not possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs 47. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. Section Reference Types of Motivation Theories Content theories include 49. The theories presented in this section focus on the importance of human needs. Find the amount of interest that could be earned in a savings account and a certificate of deposit account. Question 13 0 1 pts content theories tend to none of - Course Hero Subsistence The uncollectible percentage is 5.5%. c) Safety, self-actualization, and social Because meeting these needs provides satisfaction, they motivate workers. Such needs may exist (latent needs); the work environment is simply not conducive to their manifestation (manifest needs). c) performance is higher with easy goals Think of this in terms of hobbies. Which of the following comparisons of Alderfer's ERG theory and Maslow's needs hierarchy is correct? Criminology Final Test Flashcards | Chegg.com a) research evidence suggests that the needs in Maslow's hierarchy exist in a flexible rather than rigid order. It doesnt matter whether the information implies success or failure. b) Higher-order needs become less important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. There are four major process theories: (1) operant conditioning, (2) equity, (3) goal, and (4) expectancy. According to this perspective, the manager's job is to identify what people need and then to make sure that the work environment becomes a means of satisfying these needs. But managers use theory every day. Do we need to talk or be silent? Which one of the following statements about the application and/or implications of equity theory is false? The Anti-Immigration Protests Q9 - All of the following are policy/program implications from rational theories EXCEPT: a.) Employees can be dissatisfied, neutral, or satisfied with their jobs, depending on their levels of hygienes and motivators. To master or make up for a failure by restriving. When a person is behaving in a way that satisfies some need, Murray called the need manifest. b) People with a high need for power are drawn to interpersonal relationships and opportunities for communication. a) Acquired needs theory Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: a. behavioral. Pattern B. Rhythmicity C. Dependency D. Open system Answer Key 3. To avoid humiliation. We recommend using a Lastly, the aspiration component of the ERG model notes that, by its very nature, growth is intrinsically satisfying. d) Equity e) the consequences of an individual's behavior, b) the amount of effort a person puts forth. Identify important outcomes. e) 40, Locke and Latham goal-setting research found that __________. To praise, honor, or eulogize. They constantly ask how they are doing, sometimes to the point of being a nuisance. Instead, create even more opportunities for employees to satisfy their needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. This is in contrast to the thousands of needs that earlier researchers had identified, and also fewer than Murray identified in his theory. Theories of Motivation - Expert Program Management content theories include all of the following theories except: a) only one need may be activated at the same time Genetic Theory of Aging. Question 1 All of the following are criticisms of Freud's theory EXCEPT: Answers: Selected Answer: c. He relied on correlational methods. ______________ is classified as a content theory. But not all companies battle such low engagement rates. In a management by objectives approach, the supervisor and subordinate jointly establish performance goals, individually act, and jointly evaluate results and recycle the MBO process. Why might concentrating on motivators give better results? Exam will be online Sunday, May 14, 2023 behavioral. a) power. There are not enough workers who feel personal satisfaction for having the cleanest floors in a building. b) instrumentalities Job context factors include all of the following except. That is, most people spend much of their lives developing self-esteem and the esteem of others. But most of us dont steal. e) It is not commonly used outside of the United States. a) MBO Do you think most companies CSR programs are essentially PR gimmicks? a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. Busi 240 Liberty University Quiz 3BUSI 240 Quiz 2. Introduction to the Most Important Theories of Teaching - ThoughtCo Second, once we have satisfied a need, it ceases to motivate us. In expectancy theory, instrumentality is the probability that work effort will be followed by a given level of performance accomplishment. c) Existence, relatedness, and growth a) Safety Hedonism, one of the first motivation theories, assumes that people are motivated to satisfy mainly their own needs (seek pleasure, avoid pain). Jason Mackenzie Alexander argues morality is a form of social technology - it is context specific and it can go out-of-date To take precautionary measures. b) 25 e) Physiological, social, safety, self-actualization, and esteem, d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization, 63. b) self esteem Creative Commons Attribution License